DPP Agent docs

EN 18219 — Unique identifiers

EN 18219:2026 sets the rules for the three identifiers a passport depends on: the unique product identifier, the unique economic operator identifier and the unique facility identifier. This page summarises it and states where DPP Agent stands. It is not a substitute for the text, which the national standards bodies sell.

The six principles (clause 4)

Each principle comes with requirements:

  • Global uniqueness. An identifier is never reused for a different object and never coexists with another for the same one.
  • Persistence. Once assigned, it stays with the same object for the object's life, and stays available after insolvency or the end of the business. For products on the EU market, the EU DPP Registry provides a minimum level of preservation.
  • Syntax. A product identifier is a URL, or can be turned into one by a method the ID scheme specifies, using the RFC 3986 character rules.
  • Granularity. An identifier is unique at least at the level it serves: model, batch or item. The level stays the same once the product is on the market. If a change of granularity needs a new or extended identifier, the new one is linked to the old one (4.4.2(3)).
  • Interoperability. The product identifier can be read from a data carrier under EN 18220 and is given to retailers and online marketplaces so consumers can reach the passport.
  • Openness. Public passport information is reachable without registering, installing software or logging in, and the identifier does not lock the brand to a vendor.

ID schemes (clauses 5 and 6)

A product identifier follows one of five schemes:

  1. Web-enabled structured path or query ID, on ISO/IEC 15459 issuing agencies and ISO/IEC 18975 — the family GS1 Digital Link belongs to.
  2. Identification Link (EN IEC 61406-1, optionally with -2), a self-issuing scheme with no external dependency.
  3. Decentralized identifiers (DID).
  4. Identification for limited-capacity carriers such as RAIN RFID.
  5. Digital Object Identifier (DOI).

Economic operators and facilities are identified under ISO/IEC 6523 (scheme 6) or ISO/IEC 15418 (scheme 7).

Where DPP Agent stands

Implemented.

  • GS1 Digital Link (scheme 1). /01/{GTIN}, with /22/{CPV} for a variant, /10/{batch} and /21/{serial}, and /8004/{GIAI} for individual assets.
  • Identification Links (scheme 2). Addresses without a GS1 prefix: /products/{article}, /battery/{id}, /vin/{VIN}, /c/{id}, and the EN IEC 61406-2 query form for model, batch and item. The battery guide lists them with the level each one can serve.
  • Granularity is stored per passport as model (model, variant), batch or item and published in the passport header.
  • Links between identifiers. A passport can point to the passport it extends or replaces; the link is published as linkToPreviousDPP.
  • Economic operator identifiers are written in ISO/IEC 6523 form (for example PEPPOL:0007: followed by a Swedish organisation number, 0007 being the ISO/IEC 6523 code for that register).
  • Openness. Public passport content needs no account or app.

Not implemented. DID, RAIN RFID and DOI identifiers (schemes 3 to 5).

Standard reference

CEN/CENELEC JTC 24. EN 18219:2026 — Digital product passport — Unique identifiers. Cited in the Official Journal by Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2026/1736.